Define/Explain CSS Specificity

Specificity is the algorithm used by browsers to determine the CSS declaration that is the most relevant to an element, which in turn, determines the property value to apply to the element.

Define/Explain contrast ratios

Contrast ratio refers to the difference between the minimum brightness and maximum brightness of a monitor. For example, looking at a monitor with a 1,000:1 contrast ratio, a white image would appear 1,000 times brighter than a black image on a particular monitor. A higher contrast ratio, in theory, should produce deeper blacks with increased grayscale detail. In addition, a higher contrast ratio means that scenes that are supposed to be black or dark are more lifelike and don't appear washed out (i.e., shadows look more gray than black).

Explain why you must meet contrast ratios

Color contrast ratio usually means the ratio between the color of text (or additional important visual information) and the color of the background, which must meet minimum ratio levels to ensure legibility for visually-impaired and/or color blind users.

Explain what group at the W3C sets accessibility rules

The WCAG technical documents are developed by the Accessibility Guidelines Working Group (AG WG) (formerly the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines Working Group), which is part of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI).

Summary of the Documentation

CSS specificity is a set of rules used in CSS to determine which style rules are applied to an element. It is a numeric representation of a selector's importance, with higher values overriding lower ones. It's calculated based on the difference catergories of selectors used, such as type selectors, class selectors, and ID selectors. On the other hand, contrast ratios refer to the difference in light between the font (or anything in the foreground) and its background. In web design, a good contrast ratio is essential for readability and accessibility. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends a minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.